The British Position on Foreign Policy

It's a rare occasion when a foreign official makes the rounds in the American Southeast, so I was excited to attend a lecture delivered by Martin Rickerd, the British Council-General in Atlanta. The presentation, "Key Priorities for Britain in the World," was well put together and provided a concise portrait of Britain's current foreign policy outlook. Rickerd has spent over thirty years in the Foreign Office, and the lecture allowed him to draw on many of his experiences. Some things that stood out:

Rickerd focused on three major areas of contemporary British policy: Climate Security, and Terrorism, and Sustainable Development. Rickerd went out of his way to explain the use of the term "Climate Security"; it appears that Britain has fully embraced the concept of global warming as a security issue as well as an environmental one. Here, Rickerd cited a Center for a New American Security paper on climate change and references Georgia's own water woes. Clearly, the UK is determined to learn from American mistakes and policy debates. Also mentioned; a parliamentary effort to mandate carbon emissions cuts throughout the UK. Despite his obvious pride in British environmental efforts, Rickerd emphasized the potential for American leadership in this area.

On terrorism, Rickerd hammered home the idea of treating terrorists as common criminals. He questioned the overuse of the GWOT designation, cautioning that it made it easier for policy makers to cast the enemy in monolithic terms. He spoke in general terms about British efforts to support and build rapport with its 1.6 Muslims, even going to so far as to point out the extent of Muslim representation in government (e.g. a deputy commissioner in London's metropolitan police). The common challenge of Muslim minorities throughout Europe was brought up, although Rickerd made the seldom-acknowledged point that the origin of these minorities varies; Britain's Muslims are primarily South Asian, France's Muslims are generally North African, and Germany's community is predominately Turkish. The approaches to dealing with these minorities will require a cultural understanding that acknowledges ethnicity and nationality as well as religion.

During the Q&A, I asked Rickerd about the perceived weakness of NATO in the post-9/11 era. He responded that NATO had lost its original purpose with the end of the Cold War, and that the alliance was still searching for a new mission. Rickerd described Afghanistan as a "good trying ground" for a new NATO orientation and conceded that "things have not gone as well as they might". Still, he refused to question the relevance or future potential of the alliance.

The last question came from a skeptical professor who asked about the British position on the proposed Missile Defense sites in Eastern Europe. Rickerd denied current knowledge of the official British line, but (much to the surprise of the professor) went on to say that the British government supported any measure to bring additional security and that he believed the proposal "made sense." I don't mean to add much weight to Rickerd's personal opinion, but I found that openness to missile defense very interesting coming from a senior Foreign Office official.

The Weekend Roundup

Time's been in short supply lately, so there's a slight backlog in recent developments. Here's a brief rundown:

On Friday, Muqtada al-Sadr officially extended his unilateral ceasefire by another six months. The announcement did not get a lot of play in the mainstream media, which has chosen to pretend that the surge is the only variable worth discussing. Most Americans probably failed to appreciate the importance of Muqtada's August withdrawal, even though the removal of the Mahdi Army gave the surge forces much-needed room to operate. Al-Sadr's extension keeps the recent Iraqi political momentum (okay, it's a relative term) alive, and also keeps al-Sadr's forces intact until the additional US brigades return home. A lot of hard work went into keeping Muqtada on the sidelines, and now the US and the Iraqi government have six more months to convince him that he should bury the AK for good. The real reckoning with Muqtada al-Sadr is a ways off, but at least he has allowed Petraeus to shore up the struggling Sons of Iraq without major Shia interference.

The New York Times Magazine has a devastating piece on the struggle for one of the nastiest corners of Afghanistan. It manages to capture the limitations of even the best COIN operators and emphasizes the strains placed on soldiers at the company level. (Spoiler: the stop-loss program does not win the Army any good-will.)

The underrated story of the day: Pakistan's accidental worldwide shutdown of Youtube. The explanation of how an act of national censorship went global is a rare look at the way countries seek to restrict the internet and how those same techniques can be applied to cyberwarfare.

The AP wire has news of Pentagon force projections for the summer. After the surge brigades leave, the US will still have 140,000 troops in Iraq, up from 132,000 before the surge. Afghanistan, the poor and increasingly ugly stepsister, will have its allotment of forces raised to 32,000. If the gains in Iraq hold up, expect to hear more and more about the backsliding taking place outside the cozy confines of Kabul.

Secretary Gates is busy conducting F-16 diplomacy with Indonesia. Worried about losing a valuable market in a country receiving millions in military aid, the Bush administration is trying to override Congressional concerns about the country's human rights record and kick-start the process of delivering training and equipment. The US only reestablished military ties in 2005, so the Pentagon is eager to curry favor with their Indonesian counterparts.